The Meteorology Department has issued an El Niño ALERT, indicating that the Central and Eastern Pacific Ocean temperatures are warmer than usual. The potential consequences of this weather phenomenon on Tonga are now a cause for concern.
According to experts, if El Niño strikes in the coming months, Tonga can expect several notable impacts. Firstly, cooler nights are predicted, which could have implications for the health and well-being of the population. Additionally, rainfall is expected to decrease significantly over the next six to twelve months, potentially leading to drought conditions.
Furthermore, Tonga should brace itself for an increase in tropical cyclones during the upcoming cyclone season, spanning from 1 November 2023 to 30 April 2024.
Meteorologists have estimated a 70% likelihood of El Niño forming this year, with general agreement that its onset will occur between July and August 2023. Given this forecast, authorities have outlined a series of recommended actions for the next three to six months to mitigate the potential impacts.
First and foremost, residents are urged to stay updated with the latest El Niño updates provided by the Meteorology Department. This information will be crucial in understanding and preparing for any changes in weather patterns.
Furthermore, the conservation of rainwater is highly advised, particularly for small island communities heavily reliant on this precious resource. Collecting rainwater during rainfall events will help ensure its availability during drier periods.
Various sectors must also take proactive measures to handle the potential challenges posed by El Niño.
The health sector is advised to prepare for disease outbreaks associated with cooler nighttime temperatures, drought-related conditions, and potential water contamination during cyclones.
Likewise, the agriculture sector should implement drought-resistant farming and livestock management methods to safeguard food production.
The fisheries sector should anticipate a reduction in tuna and migratory fish species stocks, along with the possibility of coral bleaching and increased occurrences of algae blooms, commonly known as red tides.
Monitoring groundwater availability and quality is paramount for the water sector during this period. Emergency managers, including village and district emergency management committees, should activate preparatory measures to respond to the hazards of drought and tropical cyclones.
In light of the anticipated rise in tropical cyclones, the infrastructure and utilities sectors should be prepared for an active cyclone season commencing in November.
Similarly, caregivers need to make provisions for cooler nighttime temperatures, ensure access to clean water, and anticipate an increase in cyclone evacuation incidents during the next cyclone season.