Palau is leveraging advanced technology to safeguard its ancient terraced earthworks, considered the oldest monumental structures in the Pacific.
Recent archaeological studies have dated these constructions to approximately 2,400 years ago, predating the renowned moai statues of Rapa Nui and the megalithic structures of Nan Madol.
The earthworks, encompassing terraces, crowns, moats, and trenches, span nearly 20% of Babeldaob, Palau’s largest island. Despite their historical significance, many of these structures remain concealed beneath dense vegetation.
To address this, archaeologists have employed drones equipped with light detection and ranging (lidar) technology to map the earthworks.
Lidar measures the earth’s surface by calculating the time laser pulses take to return after hitting the ground, effectively revealing hidden structures.
With support from the U.S. Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation, a team led by archaeologist Jolie Liston surveyed 2,400 acres in Aimeliik State using lidar. “The whole point was to capture the full extent of the earthworks under the forest,” Liston said.
The data will contribute to ongoing research and aid in creating a three-dimensional model for a local museum, enhancing public awareness and education.